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Background and aims Apoptosis, autophagy and cell cycle arrest are cellular responses to injury which are supposed to play fundamental roles in initiation and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The aims of the present study is to shed light on the potential effects of vitamin D analog 22-oxacalcitriol (OCT) on different cell responses during DN, and the possible interplay between both glucose,...
Purpose Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a neuropeptide produced by alternative tissue-specific splicing of the primary transcript of the CALC genes. CGRP is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as in several organs and tissues. The presence of CGRP in the liver and brown and white adipose tissue suggests an effect of this neuropeptide on regulation of...
Purpose Traumatic brain injury is considered the main cause of hypopituitarism in adults, and GH deficiency appears to be the most frequent pituitary deficit. Most of the available studies have included all degrees of severity of trauma. We aimed to assess pituitary function and GH deficiency in adult patients at different time lengths after complicated mild TBI according to Glasgow Coma Scale. We...
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate Ranolazine action on skeletal muscle differentiation and mitochondrial oxidative phenomena. Ranolazine, an antianginal drug, which acts blocking the late INaL current, was shown to lower hemoglobin A1c in patients with diabetes. In the present study, we hypothesized an action of Ranolazine on skeletal muscle cells regeneration and oxidative process,...
An intriguing piece of evidence for the inflammatory story of type 2 diabetes has come to the light. A recent study by Okin and colleagues adds new clues to the interplay between cholesterol metabolism and immunity and how it impacts glucose homeostasis in inflammatory conditions. But some questions are a still unsolved conundrum. Here we suggest to better dissect the regulatory mechanism of Mevalonate...
Purpose Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disorder for which replacement therapy of the missing parathyroid hormone is not the standard therapeutic option. Current standard treatment consists of calcium and vitamin D supplementation. The intake of calcium and vitamin D supplementation can lead to complications and therefore might negatively influence patients’ quality of life. Methods A systematic...
Background Several conditions can modify the intestinal absorption of levothyroxine tablets, with potential consequences on their therapeutic effect. Pre-dosed ampoules and oral drops have been recently made available to overcome this limitation. Aims To describe the pattern of use of different formulations of levothyroxine in a general population of Southern Italy and to perform an exploratory...
Purpose There has been increasing interest in a risk-adopted management strategy known as dynamic risk stratification following the revised American Thyroid Association guidelines for differentiated thyroid cancer. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of dynamic risk stratification for predicting structural disease in pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer patients. Methods We retrospectively reviewed...
Purpose Group X (GX) and group V (GV) secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) potently release arachidonic acid (AA) from the plasma membrane of intact cells. We previously demonstrated that GX sPLA2 negatively regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) by a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-dependent mechanism. In this study we investigated whether GV sPLA2 similarly regulates GSIS. Methods GSIS and...
Purpose Osteocalcin is considered as a bone-derived hormone affecting on the body fat distribution and body mass index. Several cross-sectional studies have investigated the association between serum osteocalcin and body mass index. The aim of this study was to summarize the evidence on the relationship between serum osteocalcin and body mass index. Methods We conducted a complete search up to November...
Purpose This study aims to determine the expression of miR-34b-5p in thyroid carcinomas and to investigate the role of miR34b-5p in the modulation of proteins involved in angiogenesis of thyroid carcinoma cells. Methods The expressions of miR-34b-5p levels in five cell lines and 65 tissue samples from thyroid carcinomas were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. An exogenous miR-34b-5p...
Purpose Somatostatin analogs are widely used to treat conditions associated with hormonal hypersecretion such as acromegaly and metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. First generation somatostatin analogs, such as octreotide and lanreotide, have high affinity for somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2), but have incomplete efficacy in many patients. Pasireotide targets multiple SSTRs, having the highest...
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